Assignment of Energy Savings in Spain: Public Sector Opportunities under the CAE System
Spain offers foreign companies significant opportunities to enter the energy efficiency market through the assignment of energy savings generated by public sector entities. Under the Energy Savings Certificates system, these savings may be transferred through asset procedures or incorporated into public contracts.
Sandbagging in M&A transactions: key issues in commercial litigation
Sandbagging in M&A transactions has become a decisive factor in commercial litigation. Whether a buyer can claim despite prior knowledge depends largely on contractual drafting and how risks are allocated between the parties.
Liquidation of Real Estate Assets in Spanish Insolvency Proceedings
The liquidation of real estate assets in insolvency proceedings is the process by which the debtor’s real property is sold to satisfy creditors, in accordance with an orderly plan and under judicial supervision.
Remote Work and Permanent Establishment in Spain: When Is It Triggered
The rise of cross-border remote work has reignited the debate on permanent establishment in Spain. When employees or executives work remotely from Spain for foreign entities, significant tax risks may arise under OECD criteria.
Exequatur in Spain: Recognition and Enforcement of Non-EU Judgements
Obtaining a favourable judgment outside the EU is only the first step. To recover a debt or enforce rights in Spain, foreign court decisions must undergo exequatur proceedings before Spanish courts. This guide explains the legal framework, the competent court and key enforcement requirements.
Shareholders’ Agreements in Spain after Supreme Court Judgment 1713/2025: Key Practical Implications
Shareholders’ agreements remain a key tool in Spanish corporate practice. However, Supreme Court Judgment 1713/2025 limits on where such agreements conflict with mandatory provisions of company law.
Legal treatment of real estate assets in Spanish insolvency
Real estate assets play a pivotal role in Spanish insolvency proceedings. Their valuation, legal treatment, and strategic use have a direct impact on creditor recovery and the viability of restructuring. Understanding their regime is essential for investors and companies facing financial distress in Spain.
Pay Transparency in the EU: A Structural Shift in Equal Pay Law
Directive (EU) 2023/970 introduces a new framework for pay transparency and equal pay, imposing clear obligations on employers and strengthening employees’ rights in addressing the gender pay gap across Europe.
How to Prepare Your Company for a Successful M&A Transaction
Successfully selling a company requires more than finding a buyer. Proper legal, corporate, and financial preparation is essential to reduce risks during due diligence and strengthen the seller’s negotiating position in any M&A transaction.
Standard terms and conditions in B2B contracts: incorporation test and enforceability
Standard terms and conditions are widely used to streamline B2B contracting. However, under Spanish law, they are not automatically enforceable. To be legally binding, they must pass the incorporation test, ensuring that the counterparty had a real opportunity to review them and that the clauses are clear and understandable, in line with Law 7/1998.
