Interoperability Agreements for Electric Vehicle Charging in Spain
Interoperability is a cornerstone of Spain’s electric mobility framework. Royal Decree 184/2022 regulates EV charging services and promotes interoperability agreements and OCPI-based solutions to ensure network access, transparent billing, and fair competition.
How to Deal with Client or Supplier Insolvency: A Legal Guide for Businesses
Client or supplier insolvency is an increasingly common risk in Spain and can seriously affect business continuity. This guide outlines early warning signs, legal remedies and preventive measures to protect companies facing insolvency scenarios.
The Confidential Binding Settlement Offer as a Debt Recovery Mechanism in Spain
Organic Law 1/2025 introduces substantial changes to debt recovery proceedings in Spain: prior to initiating court proceedings, companies will be required to resort to ADR mechanisms, specifically confidential binding settlement offers, aimed at achieving swift and effective resolutions in commercial credit disputes.
Legal Defence in Spain Against Phishing and Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Fraud
Phishing and Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks have become major sources of financial loss for companies and financial institutions. Understanding who is legally liable for an intercepted bank transfer is critical for any business facing digital fraud.
Strategic Labour Inspection Plan 2025-2027 in Spain: risks and opportunities for companies
The new labour Inspection Strategic Plan 2025-2027 reshapes how companies must manage labour compliance in Spain. With more resources, technology, and a selective approach, the labour Inspection will intensify controls over contracts, HR algorithms, equality, and time tracking. Anticipation is key to mitigating risks and demonstrating effective compliance.
In-kind Liquidation Share in Spain: Legal Insights and Key Advantages
When dissolving a company in Spain, shareholders may choose to receive assets instead of cash through an in-kind liquidation share. This legal mechanism, regulated by the Spanish Companies Act, offers a flexible and tax-efficient way to close a business while preserving valuable assets. Discover its key legal requirements, main advantages, and the precautions to take for a smooth and equitable dissolution process.
Legal Framework for Electric Vehicle Charging Service Providers in Spain: CPOs, EMSPs and Interoperability Agreements
Royal Decree 184/2022 classifies charge point operators (CPOs) and e-mobility service providers (EMSPs) as regulated actors of the Spanish electricity system, with specific rights, duties, and responsibilities. Each service delivery model requires clear contractual structuring in terms of liability, billing, and interoperability.
Legal grounds for company dissolution in Spain: alternatives to avoid it
A company faces legal grounds for dissolution in Spain when its net assets fall below half of its share capital. Fortunately, the Spanish Companies Act provides several legal mechanisms to restore financial balance and avoid liquidation, allowing businesses to continue operating.
Corporate Mergers in Spain: Developments under RD 5/2023 and DGSJFP
The DGSJFP has softened the requirements relating to the directors’ report in intragroup mergers, as well as the need to provide certificates of compliance with tax obligations, both of which had been grounds for registries to deny the registration of mergers until these recent rulings.
Voluntary Audit vs. Mandatory Audit in Spain
We examine the legal framework governing the appointment of auditors in Spanish capital companies, highlight the situations in which an audit is mandatory, and explain the main advantages of a voluntary audit of accounts.
